Glossary
Definitions of the key terms, acronyms and concepts used across Fagan & Company content. This glossary is designed to support HR, finance, fleet and sustainability teams who are working with salary sacrifice, electric vehicles and Scope 3 reporting.
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- Battery electric vehicle(BEV)
- A vehicle powered entirely by electricity from a battery, with no internal combustion engine.Category: EV & chargingVariants: BEV, battery-electric vehicle
- Benefit in kind(BIK)
- A non-cash benefit provided by an employer that is treated as taxable income for the employee.Category: Tax & payrollVariants: benefit-in-kind, benefits in kind
- Broker
- An intermediary that arranges vehicle funding and supply between customers and finance providers or dealers.Category: FleetVariants: leasing broker
- Charging infrastructure
- The network of home, workplace and public charge points that support electric vehicles.Category: EV & chargingVariants: EV charging infrastructure
- Class 1A NIC
- Employer National Insurance contributions payable on most taxable benefits in kind.Category: Tax & payrollVariants: Class 1A National Insurance
- CO2e
- Carbon dioxide equivalent, a standard unit for measuring greenhouse gas emissions based on their global warming potential.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: CO2-e, CO2 equivalent
- Company car
- A car provided by an employer for business and sometimes private use by an employee.Category: Salary sacrificeVariants: employer-provided car
- Consulting services
- Advisory work delivered to clients, distinct from software or implementation-only support.Category: GeneralVariants: advisory services
- Downstream leased assets
- Assets owned by the organisation and leased to others, whose emissions are reported under Scope 3 Category 13.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: leased assets (downstream)
- Early termination
- Ending a vehicle contract before the agreed term, which usually triggers charges.Category: InsuranceVariants: early-termination, ET
- Electric vehicle(EV)
- A vehicle powered fully or partly by electricity stored in a battery.Category: EV & chargingVariants: EV, electric car
- Emission factor
- A coefficient that allows greenhouse gas emissions to be estimated from activity data, such as miles driven or kWh consumed.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: emissions factor
- Employer savings calculator
- A tool that estimates the employer-level savings from an EV salary sacrifice scheme, including NIC savings and fleet cost reductions.Category: Tools & calculators
- Employer value proposition
- The combination of benefits, rewards and culture that an employer offers to attract and retain people.Category: GeneralVariants: EVP
- Excess mileage
- Mileage driven above the contractual allowance, which typically incurs a per-mile charge at the end of the agreement.Category: FleetVariants: excess miles
- Fleet electrification
- The process of transitioning an organisation's vehicle fleet from internal combustion engines to electric vehicles.Category: FleetVariants: EV fleet transition, electrifying the fleet
- GHG Protocol
- The Greenhouse Gas Protocol, a globally recognised standard for accounting and reporting greenhouse gas emissions.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: Greenhouse Gas Protocol
- Grey fleet
- Employee-owned vehicles that are used for business travel and reimbursed by the employer.Category: FleetVariants: grey-fleet
- Grey fleet calculator
- A tool that estimates emissions, risk and cost exposure from employee-owned vehicles used for business travel.Category: Tools & calculatorsVariants: grey-fleet calculator
- HMRC(HMRC)
- His Majesty's Revenue and Customs, the UK tax authority responsible for administering tax and National Insurance.Category: Tax & payroll
- Home charging
- Charging an electric vehicle at a private domestic property, usually via a dedicated charge point.Category: EV & chargingVariants: home EV charging
- Leasing company
- A finance provider that funds vehicles for employers or employees in return for a monthly rental.Category: FleetVariants: lessor
- List price
- The manufacturer’s recommended retail price of a vehicle, before discounts or dealer incentives.Category: Tax & payrollVariants: MRRP
- On-the-road price
- The total price a customer pays for a vehicle, including first registration fee, number plates and road tax.Category: EV & chargingVariants: OTR price, on the road price
- Optional Remuneration Arrangements(OpRA)
- HMRC rules that govern how salary sacrifice and flexible benefits are taxed.Category: Tax & payrollVariants: OpRA rules
- Original equipment manufacturer(OEM)
- A vehicle manufacturer that designs and builds cars and light commercial vehicles.Category: OEMVariants: vehicle manufacturer
- P11D(P11D)
- A UK tax form used by employers to report certain taxable benefits and expenses provided to employees.Category: Tax & payroll
- P11D value
- The taxable value of a company car used to calculate benefit in kind, broadly based on the vehicle's list price including certain options.Category: Tax & payrollVariants: P11D car value
- Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle(PHEV)
- A vehicle with both an internal combustion engine and a battery that can be charged from an external power source.Category: EV & chargingVariants: PHEV, plug-in hybrid
- Policy and compliance
- The framework of documents, controls and checks that ensure schemes and fleets comply with legal and regulatory requirements.Category: GeneralVariants: policies and compliance
- Pool car
- A vehicle owned or leased by the employer and used by multiple employees for business journeys.Category: FleetVariants: pool vehicle
- Public charging
- Using public charge points away from home or work to charge an electric vehicle.Category: EV & chargingVariants: on-route charging, en-route charging
- Salary sacrifice
- An arrangement where an employee gives up part of their gross salary in exchange for a non-cash benefit, such as the use of a car.Category: Salary sacrificeVariants: salary-sacrifice, EV salary sacrifice, car salary sacrifice, salary exchange
- Salary sacrifice calculator
- An interactive tool that estimates costs, savings and tax implications for an EV salary sacrifice scheme.Category: Tools & calculatorsVariants: salary-sacrifice calculator
- Scheme implementation
- The process of designing, launching and embedding a salary sacrifice or EV benefit scheme within an organisation.Category: Salary sacrificeVariants: scheme rollout, scheme launch
- Scope 1
- Direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by the organisation, such as company vehicles.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: Scope 1 emissions
- Scope 2
- Indirect greenhouse gas emissions from the generation of purchased electricity, steam, heating and cooling consumed by the organisation.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: Scope 2 emissions
- Scope 3
- All other indirect greenhouse gas emissions that occur in an organisation's value chain, such as commuting and leased assets.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: Scope 3 emissions
- Scope 3 Category 13
- Scope 3 emissions from downstream leased assets, including vehicles leased to customers or employees.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: Scope 3 cat 13, downstream leased assets
- Scope 3 Category 7
- Scope 3 emissions from employee commuting under the GHG Protocol.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: Scope 3 cat 7, employee commuting emissions
- Scope 3 commuting emissions
- Greenhouse gas emissions arising from employees travelling between home and their usual place of work.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: commuting emissions
- Scope 3 reporting for Finance
- A perspective on Scope 3 emissions focused on financial materiality, disclosure and audit requirements.Category: GHG Protocol
- Scope 3 reporting for HR
- A perspective on Scope 3 emissions focused on HR levers such as policies, benefits and employee behaviour.Category: GHG Protocol
- SECR(SECR)
- Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting, a UK framework that requires certain companies to report their energy use and emissions.Category: GHG ProtocolVariants: Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting
- Total cost of ownership
- The full cost of running a vehicle over a period, including funding, tax, maintenance, energy and other costs.Category: FleetVariants: TCO, whole-life cost
- WLTP(WLTP)
- Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure, the standard for testing vehicle emissions and energy consumption.Category: EV & charging
- Workplace charging
- Charging an electric vehicle at an employer's premises using dedicated charge points.Category: EV & chargingVariants: workplace EV charging